Kushinagar

Author : Peter Vredeveld

Kushinagar - India A holy Buddhist site

Kushinagar, an integral part of the quartet of paramount Buddhist pilgrimages, beckons pilgrims and enthusiasts alike to traverse the sacred footsteps of Lord Buddha. Each pilgrimage—Lumbini, Bodhgaya, Sarnath, and Kushinagar—holds a unique strand in the intricate narrative of Buddha's life, and Kushinagar, in particular, emerges as the hallowed ground where his earthly journey culminated.

Lumbini, Bodhgaya, and Sarnath: Pillars of Buddhist Heritage

• Lumbini: The birthplace of Buddha, resonating with the inception of his extraordinary life.
• Bodhgaya: The epicenter of enlightenment, where Lord Buddha attained the pinnacle of spiritual awakening.
• Sarnath: The sacred site where Buddha initiated his teachings, laying the foundation of Buddhism.

Explore Enlightenment with Buddha statues

History

In the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, Kushinagar, or Kushinara (in Urdu), boasts a rich historical tapestry. Known in ancient times as Kushavati and Jatakas, Kushinagar also has Hindu influences, mentioned in the famous Hindu scriptures like the Ramayana. During Lord Buddha's era, it served as the capital of the Mallas Kingdom, with the Mallas of Kushinara being devout admirers of Lord Buddha.

"Now the Blessed One advised the bhikkhus – Well now, bhikkhus, my counsel is: experience is disappointing, through vigilance you succeed. These are the last words for the Tathagata"

- Lord Buddha

Kushinagar: Embracing Parinirvana and the Reclining Buddha

Kushinagar holds a distinctive position as the place where Buddhists believe Lord Buddha attained Parinirvana after his passing. This sacred destination is intertwined with the historical roots of the Mallas Kingdom. It carries the echoes of Buddha's final teachings.

The Threefold Reasons and the Maha-Parinibbana Sutta

Three significant factors encapsulate Lord Buddha's decision to choose Kushinagar:

1. Maha-Sudassana Sutta: The proper venue for preaching this pivotal sutta.
2. Subhada's Meditation: A site where Subhada's meditation influenced Lord Buddha's spiritual journey.
3. Brahman Doha's Presence: The resolution of the distribution of Buddha's relics in the presence of Brahman Doha.

Parinirvana: A Profound Culmination of Buddha's Journey

As Lord Buddha's journey approached its zenith in Kushinagar, the profound significance of Parinirvana unfolded. The Reclining Buddha within the Parinirvana Temple becomes a visual testament to the tranquility that accompanies the end of Buddha's earthly existence. The teachings imparted during this time resonate as the final wisdom shared with a large group of disciples.
The cause of Lord Buddha's passing is said to be an illness resulting from consuming a meal with an unknown species of mushrooms. This episode encapsulated within the Parinirvana narrative, adds layers to the spiritual significance of Kushinagar.

Parinirvana Temple

The Parinirvana Temple, crafted from bricks and surrounded by a dense forest, stands as an architectural marvel. This sacred sanctuary signifies the place of Lord Buddha's Parinirvana. It is a pilgrimage site where followers can immerse themselves in the profound spiritual ambiance.

Conclusion: Embracing the Spiritual Legacy

Kushinagar, beyond being a geographical location, is a testament to the enduring spiritual legacy of Lord Buddha. Its confluence of history, culture, and the profound impact of Buddha's final moments makes it an unparalleled destination for seekers of spiritual enlightenment.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

• Why is Kushinagar considered one of the four critical Buddhist pilgrimages?

Kushinagar is revered as one of the four major Buddhist pilgrimages due to its association with Lord Buddha's Parinirvana, marking the culmination of his earthly journey. It holds deep spiritual significance for Buddhists worldwide.

• What are the three reasons behind Lord Buddha's choice of Kushinagar for his Parinirvana?

It is believed that among various reasons, there were three reasons for Lord Buddha to choose this place for his Parinirvana. They are:

1. Kushinagar is the proper venue to preach his Maha-Sudassana Sutta.
2. It is also said that Subhada would visit him during his sermon in Kushinagar, develop his meditation, and would become Lord Buddha Arahant.
3. Since the Brahman Doha would be there during his death and solve the distribution problem of Lord Buddha relics. 

• What is the significance of the Parinirvana Temple in Kushinagar?

The Parinirvana Temple in Kushinagar is an architectural marvel that signifies the place where Lord Buddha attained Parinirvana. It serves as a spiritual sanctuary, preserving the ambiance of Buddha's final moments.

• How has Kushinagar influenced the tourism sector?

Kushinagar's status as one of the four major Buddhist pilgrimages has significantly impacted tourism. Pilgrims and tourists visit Kushinagar to experience its sacredness, contributing to its cultural and economic development.

• What is the legacy of Kushinagar in the context of Lord Buddha's teachings?

Kushinagar carries the enduring legacy of Lord Buddha's final teachings and his passing. The Reclining Buddha within the Parinirvana Temple symbolizes the tranquil culmination of Buddha's spiritual journey, profoundly impacting Buddhism.